Anxiety, a transdiagnostic symptom prevalent across numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, represents a major concern in the field of mental health due to its pervasive impact on emotional, cognitive, and physiological functioning [5][6] . As a transdiagnostic construct, anxiety is not confined to specific diagnostic categories. However, it occurs across a spectrum of conditions, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and even neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders [7]. The central phenomena of fear and loss of control define the anxious experience. Fear reflects the immediate emotional and physiological response to perceived threat, while loss of control refers to the subjective sense of helplessness or inability to predict and manage one's environment. These mechanisms underlie many maladaptive behaviors such as avoidance, hypervigilance, and excessive worry, which contribute to functional impairment and distress [8]. Because of its cross-cutting nature and profound influence on multiple aspects of mental health [9], anxiety remains a crucial area of study for understanding both the etiology of mental disorders and the development of effective, integrative therapeutic interventions [10][11][12][13][14]. By overall overview of psychological disorders, the prominence of hyper-arousal in anxiety disorders is evident in their relationship with sleep disorders, physical complaints, and depression [11]. The comorbidity of anxiety disorders with depression, as highlighted by Gaspersz et al. [12], predicts poorer treatment outcomes. With a lifetime prevalence of approximately 30% [13][14], anxiety disorders are a global health issue, causing significant suffering to patients, their loved ones, and society. Specific elements of ReAttach, a transdiagnostic intervention for adults and children [3], could be used to offer relief via remote training as a self-regulation tool for patients with stress-related complaints. We hypothesize that patients with complex stress-related symptoms may benefit from this package of self-regulation tools that are part of the ReAttach Affect Coach Professional Training [4], as described in previously published pilot studies [15][16][17][18], case studies [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], and ReAttach protocols [27][28][29][30][31].

Specific elements of ReAttach, a transdiagnostic intervention for adults and children [3], could be used to offer relief via remote training as a self-regulation tool for patients with stress-related complaints. We hypothesize that patients with complex stress-related symptoms may benefit from this package of self-regulation tools that are part of the ReAttach Affect Coach Professional Training [4], as described in previously published pilot studies [15,16,17,18], case studies [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], and ReAttach protocols [27][28][29][30][31].

To evaluate changes in emotional regulation, symptom severity, and functional stability in FND patients undergoing ReAttach remote therapy, using continuous, real-world data collected via the NeuroLog platform.

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate changes in emotional regulation, symptom severity, and functional stability among patients diagnosed with FND who are undergoing ReAttach remote therapy, using continuous, real-world data collected via the NeuroLog platform. This objective represents an integrative approach that combines therapeutic innovation with digital health monitoring. FND, characterized by neurological symptoms such as motor dysfunction, sensory disturbances, or non-epileptic seizures in the absence of a structural neurological cause, is increasingly recognized as a disorder of impaired self-regulation and emotional processing. Accordingly, assessing emotional regulation -the ability to identify, modulate, and respond adaptively to emotional experiences -is central to understanding treatment response. Evaluating symptom severity provides insight into the direct clinical effects of ReAttach on core FND manifestations, while examining functional stability-the consistency of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning over time-captures broader improvements in patients' daily performance and psychological resilience.

The implementation of ReAttach remote therapy in this context introduces a novel therapeutic pathway. ReAttach is a transdiagnostic, neurocognitive intervention designed to enhance selfregulation, sensory integration, and affective processing through structured tasks and therapistguided feedback. Delivered remotely, it allows patients to participate in exercises that strengthen emotional control and cognitive flexibility beyond the clinical setting, offering particular value for individuals with limited access to in-person care or elevated stress-related symptoms.

By leveraging continuous, real-world data through the NeuroLog platform, this study moves beyond traditional pre-and post-assessment models. The NeuroLog system facilitates ecological momentary assessment (EMA)-the real-time collection of behavioral and physiological data within patients' natural environments-providing a more accurate and dynamic representation of therapeutic progress. Such continuous monitoring enables the detection of subtle fluctuations, supports the tracking of treatment adherence, and allows for the early identification of improvement or relapse, thereby enhancing both clinical understanding and therapeutic precision.

NeuroLog provides a continuous, patient-led data infrastructure to objectively measure the impact of ReAttach remote therapy

It transforms subjective progress into quantifiable change through:

Together, these create a scientifically robust yet human-centred evidence base for the therapeutic value of ReAttach in Functional Neurological Disorder.

NeuroLog serves as an advanced, patient-driven data infrastructure designed to assess the effectiveness of ReAttach remote therapy objectively. It converts subjective experiences of progress into measurable, data-backed insights by continuously tracking real-world symptoms and analyzing emotional and behavioral patterns over time. Through automated longitudinal comparisons, NeuroLog identifies meaningful trends and changes across therapy sessions, providing a dynamic view of each patient's therapeutic journey. Additionally, by integrating the qualitative "patient voice," the evaluation process ensures that personal experiences and perceptions remain central. Altogether, this approach establishes a scientifically rigorous yet compassionate evidence framework that captures both the measurable and human aspects of ReAttach therapy's impact on individuals with FND.